Traveling to another country and exploring new places can be exciting—and challenging. When you don’t know the territory, you may hit unanticipated bumps in the road. To best prepare for the journey, you need to understand the physical landscape: where it’s easy-going and where it’s hard. You also need to understand the local language, culture, customs, courtesies, and traditions. In other words, you could use a little help—a map to navigate the terrain and a guide to navigate the society.
Planning to bring a product to market in a different country has similar challenges, with a twist. It’s important to strike the right balance between global standardization (which may reduce go-to-market costs) and local selling and marketing (which drive local revenue). You can’t paint each market with the same broad brush and expect optimal sales results in each. Thus, understanding the local landscape and conditions—the overall environment—is as important to you as a marketer as a map and guide are to a traveler.
It’s easy to find examples of marketing misses tied to misunderstanding the target market. For example, Euro Disney Resort (now Disney Paris) launched as a re-creation of the U.S. Disney theme park experience, and it fell flat in Europe. Its failure created post-launch issues related to branding, strategy, marketing, management, and a host of unforeseen social, cultural, and sub-cultural issues. The park suffered through years of rebranding efforts before getting its approach to the European market right.
And the happiest place on earth is in good company: Numerous other well-known U.S. brands (think Walmart, Best Buy, eBay) have had to adjust their local go-to-market strategies after entering a foreign market, despite conducting traditional market research beforehand. These initial misses resulted in higher costs and lower-than-projected sales while the companies determined how to tailor a go-to-market approach that better fit the local environment.
Entering a new market requires more than traditional market research. To best plan for success, you need an accurate map of the local market, and a locally grounded guide to all the players in that market.
The Local-Market Layout
Building an actionable view of a foreign market at the local level requires a map that identifies the unfamiliar terrain, and there are specific tools that can help. Figure 1 shows one such tool, which uses the elements of the competitive landscape as focal points to better understand the intricacies of that market.
Think of the competitive landscape as being composed of two major levels of interactive elements: micro-environmental and macro-environmental factors. Micro-environmental factors are best defined by Michael Porter’s Five Forces, which is a framework for understanding the competitive forces at work in an industry that also drive the way economic value is divided among industry players. The Five Forces determine the competitive structure of an industry and its profitability, and these forces can help anticipate shifts in the competition. Meanwhile, the STEEP (social, technology, economic, environmental, political) factors of scenario planning drive macro-environmental factors.
These micro- and macro-environmental factors interact relative to a specific offering. For example, imagine bringing a medical device to a market outside of the United States. You’ll need to understand the
- Effect of macro-environmental factors, such as local regulatory approval
to market the device - Possibility of emerging technologies and how they may affect the market
- Local economy with respect to pricing considerations
- Local societal factors that may help determine adoption and usage rates
As you prepare to develop a go-to-market strategy for a given country’s market, look at these factors as well as how they intersect or interact.
To help determine the best approach to the market, start by assessing the macro-environmental factors. Determine what you need to know about each one to better understand the market. This knowledge will provide you with an understanding of the terrain on which all players are maneuvering. Examples to investigate include
- Economy: How will the local economy affect price elasticity?
- Political/legislative/regulatory: Will the regulatory or political environment create barriers to entry?
- Social: How will local attitudes, lifestyles, and customs affect your launch? Will they impact adoption rates?
- Technological: What technical and technology-development issues or trends may affect your entry?
Learn the Local Players
Once you understand the local market, you’re ready to consider how the individual players are positioned.
- Customers: What are their needs, pain points, and desires relative to your offering? What will drive their purchase decisions? How can you craft your go-to-market strategy to satisfy their requirements?
- Competitors’ go-to-market strategy: What does the competition offer? What are the distinguishing features of their offerings? What are their value propositions (benefits and costs)? What’s their pitch? How do they address the market from a channel perspective? What defines their target markets? How does the competition differentiate its offerings, value propositions, and channels relative to these markets?
- Supplier perspective: To what extent will you have to engage with local supply-chain elements (e.g., storage, transportation)? Will being local provide some competitors an advantage? How can you mitigate it?
- Market periphery: To avoid being blind-sided, consider substitutes and new entrants. Ask the same questions that you asked about your competition regarding their go-to-market strategy—it may affect your market entry.
Don’t be surprised if asking these questions fuels more questions. This unpeeling of layers is a necessary and valuable part of your process. For instance, to evaluate a competitor’s value proposition, you must understand their solution’s features, benefits, pricing paradigms, and models, actual pricing (to the extent possible), terms, service, bundling, and so on—all by target market.
To understand the context of that value proposition, you’ll need to consider it from various other viewpoints, such as technology development (i.e., will a new product soon make the offering obsolete? Are customers waiting for that new product to launch before they buy? Could this be what’s creating the appearance of low penetration for the incumbent provider?).
Likewise, to understand what drives the effectiveness or weakness of a B2B competitor’s channel, look at their channel operations. Consider the size of their salesforce, target market focus, compensation, incentives, priorities, turnover, supporting structure, and so on.
Do Your Research
Collecting the information to understand both the local market and the individuals in it requires a two-pronged approach.
Secondary Sources
Secondary information (information you gather via publicly available sources, syndicated and subscription market studies and so on) are a useful and necessary starting point. These provide a foundation for your knowledge as you define your market.
As you build your knowledge, remember that because the local players already have the advantage of local-market knowledge, you’ll face the challenge of becoming equally aware, but from the outside. Further, remember that the competitive set in any market can access the same secondary resources that you do.
Primary Sources
Using the competitive landscape to filter and focus your research efforts, you can understand the dynamics of the market from an objective perspective. You may even be able to “out-local” the local players, who may have become complacent. Human sources are the best way to achieve this level of local knowledge, relative to any focal points of the competitive landscape. You can gather foundational knowledge through traditional, primary, quantitative market research.
Achieving deep local knowledge requires going a step further, conducting qualitative, primary, human-sourced research. This involves interviewing knowledgeable, credible, well-placed human sources in accordance with ethical standards and all applicable local legal statutes. Such sources provide local perspectives about customers’ true purchase decision drivers and perceptions about the competitive offerings in the market, along with the associated strengths and weaknesses of those products.
You may be able to inform some of this research through sources within your own company or network. For other aspects of this research, you may choose to partner with a vendor with expertise in primary competitive intelligence research and strategy in your target market.
Your Journey
Equipped with a locally informed map and guide tailored to your target market, you’ll be ready to navigate your market definition with confidence and better plan for a successful market entry by optimally preparing your product or service for rapid local-market uptake.
Learn More
- Certification Courses – Launch: Turn Products and Plans into Revenue
- Podcasts – The Product-Led Go-to-Market Strategy
- Templates and Downloads (Alumni Only) – Go-to-Market Plan – Go-to-Market Strategy Scorecard
